‎《How the Crusades Changed History》- Apple TV

在以下频道推出： Prime Video

In How the Crusades Changed History, you’ll assess the Crusades’ history and legacy, as you study the events of the eight crusades; track the history of the four crusader kingdoms; witness how crusading turned inward to the European interior; and observe how the Crusades unwittingly facilitated the rise of the Ottomans and weakened the foundations of Catholicism.

Documentary · 2024年 · 29 分钟

主演 Philip Daileader

第 1 集

What Were the Crusades?

Consider the spirit of the Crusades, as they melded the medieval conception of pilgrimage with that of holy war. Examine the idea of plenary indulgence, the remission of penalties due to sin, and the notion of avoiding Purgatory, both of which were understood as spiritual rewards for going on Crusade. Learn about the history of pilgrimage and holy war within Christianity before the Crusades.

29 分钟 · 2024年6月20日
第 2 集

Before the Crusades—Deep Background

Explore long-term historical developments that underlay the Crusades. Take account of the tensions between the Christian West and the eastern Byzantine Empire, and how Arab expansion served to drive them further apart. Look into the conception of jihad (holy war) formulated by Islamic jurists. Then, follow the political and religious schism between the Byzantine Empire and the Roman papacy.

27 分钟 · 2024年6月20日
第 3 集

Before the Crusades—Immediate Circumstances

Witness how the migration of Turks into Islamic and Byzantine lands set in motion the events that led to the Crusades. Study the geopolitical factors within the Byzantine Empire that led the emperor to call on the papacy for military aid. Learn about Pope Urban II’s call for the first Crusade and the motives that impelled crusaders to join the expedition.

28 分钟 · 2024年6月20日
第 4 集

The First Crusade and Conquest of Jerusalem

Follow the dramatic unfolding of the First Crusade, beginning with the Popular Crusade, comprising common people inspired by notions of an apocalyptic confrontation, and leading to a disastrous campaign against the Turks. Then, trace the Barons’ Crusade, a noble-led delegation joining Byzantine troops in besieging Nicaea, Antioch, and finally Jerusalem, fulfilling the Crusade’s paramount goal.

28 分钟 · 2024年6月20日
第 5 集

The Rise of the Templars

Enter the world of the Templars and the Hospitallers, Christian religious-military orders with an important presence in the crusader kingdoms. Grasp how these new orders created an unusual fusion of the features of knighthood with those of monasticism. Learn about their networks of support, their functions during the Crusades, and the challenges they posed to the crusaders and local rulers.

25 分钟 · 2024年6月20日
第 6 集

Defending the Crusader States, 1099–1144

The First Crusade saw the founding of the crusader kingdoms of Jerusalem, Antioch, and the counties of Edessa and Tripoli. Trace the surprising alliances made to better defend crusader territories. Witness the debacle of the first European attempt to reinforce the crusader states, and the shifting alliances and conflicts that led to the fall of Edessa.

27 分钟 · 2024年6月20日

Philip Daileader

Host